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“God bless America, but God save the King” (1) When the rye was opened, the Yankees began to sing Went across the border to get a drink of rye A popular ditty at the time was:įour and twenty Yankees, feeling very dry The following year, Congress passed the Volstead Act to enforce the Amendment which took effect January 16, 1920.īootlegging and crossing the border into Canada for whiskey became ways of circumventing Prohibition. The 18 th Amendment was ratified on Octoby every state, except Connecticut and Rhode Island.
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It differed from the 18 th Amendment that created national prohibition which banned the manufacture, importation, sale and transport of alcoholic beverages. The Wartime Prohibition Act of November 18, 1918, passed following the signing of the World War I Armistice ten days earlier, banned the manufacture of beer and wine if the alcohol content exceeded 2.75 percent-a major hurdle for the local bars and breweries. Taverns were plentiful along Wilkens Avenue, a German-American enclave, with countless others on Paca Street, in Southwest Baltimore and down by the waterfront docks. On weekends, they might send their grade-school son “up the corner” with a small tin pail to bring home some draft beer for lunch or dinner. There were corner taverns in most working class neighborhoods-gathering places where workers might stop in on the way home to have a quick beer and exchange local news and gossip.
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Breweries, beer gardens, and taverns spread through Baltimore. By 1865 this percentage increased to 25 percent and in 1890 the population of German-born Baltimoreans increased to 41,930, but because of a surge in the overall city population to 365,862, they comprised about 11 percent of all residents. By 1850, Baltimore’s population was just over 169,000, with over 20,000 immigrants from Germany, representing slightly less than a 12 percent of the population. They also built breweries and beer gardens to quench their thirst for beer styled after their home brews. In 1783, settlers from Germany formed the German Society of Maryland to promote their language and culture in Baltimore. The impact of the loss of the manufacturing industry in Baltimore changed the nature of neighborhood bars and the course of urban redevelopment in the mid-20 th century contributed to more bar closings. A large number of the local breweries also felt the impact of the prohibition era and closed their doors. Many of these neighborhood taverns were destroyed in the Great Baltimore Fire of 1904 with many more going out of business during Prohibition. Their thirsts were quenched by the local breweries that produced beer for working men and women and even some high quality brews. Aubrey Bodine Collection, B815 G, MdHS.īack in the days when Baltimore was a manufacturing center, neighborhood bars were gathering places for the blue collar workers that worked in the industries. Nationa Bohemian kegs, National Brewing Company, O’Donnell and Conkling Street, 1946, A.